Effect of the landscape on functional and spatial connectivity in Magnolia cubensis (Magnoliaceae) in two mountain massifs of Cuba

Landscape features impact gene flow and the spatial patterns of genetic variation between populations a species. Because many Magnoliaceae species occur in fragmented highly disturbed landscapes, family provide an excellent model for landscape studies. This research focuses on subspecies subpopulations Magnolia cubensis aims to: (1) compare diversity different their subpopulations, (2) search distance, (3) quantify functional connectivity (4) assess structural landscape. study employs 21 microsatellite markers to diversity, complemented with seven characteristics Guamuhaya Sierra Maestra massifs Cuba. subsp. acunae does not have well-defined pattern: there is no evidence isolation by distance or autocorrelation little differentiation two reflect that separates them cost values cross it. presents analyses indicate approximate scale neighborhood 35 40 km. There marked structure probability existence three groups. Large was only found Gran Piedra other which reflects low flow. Our results support recognition these at level. We define one evolutionary significant unit units cubensis. These must be combined ecological, social distribution data, order obtain more accurate realistic perspective conservation management strategies taxa.